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Protext5.5.tutorial.pp
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Protext5.5.tutorial
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1990-09-07
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TUTORS 1 TO 7 WELCOME TO PROTEXT WORD PROCESSOR. TUTOR 1
----------------------------------
COMMAND MODE AND EDIT MODE
--------------------------
PROTEXT has two modes of operation, 'Command and 'Edit mode'. In Edit mode
all entry of text is carried out. In command mode instructions relating to
printing of files, saving and loading and other operations are carried out.
When PROTEXT is first loaded it is in Edit mode, which gives details of the
version number of PROTEXT. The ESC. key is used to 'toggle' between command
and edit modes. When in edit mode, the command mode banner line disappears,
showing the status lines at the top of the screen and the text (if any) on
the remainder of the screen. This is the first of several toggle commands
that you will come across.
TEXT ENTRY AND CORRECTION
-------------------------
PROTEXT has two methods of entering text, 'Insert' and 'Overwrite' modes. By
default, PROTEXT enters insert mode. This means that when you type in any
letters or numbers, the cursor will push any existing text ahead of it,
rather than 'rub it out', or overwrite it. Place the cursor at the start of
this paragraph and type in some more text. The line, to the right of the
cursor, gets pushed to the right as the new letters are inserted. At the top
of the screen you will see the message, 'Insert', on the status line. Hold
down CTRL and press TAB, the message changes to 'Overwrite'. Go to the start
of the paragraph and type some more, this time the old text is overwritten!
You can still insert characters whilst in overwrite mode, by pressing
CTRL/SPACE, which has the effect of moving the text under and to the right of
the cursor across one column, leaving you room to enter the letter you want
to add.
For now, concentrate on entering and removing single letters. Don't worry
about the spelling mistakes as we shall correct them in a minute. When we get
to the end of a line don't press RETURN, simply keep on typing and you will
notice that if we are in the middle of a word when we get to the end of a
line, PROTEXT will automatically move the part complete word to the start of
the next line. This process of not splitting words is called 'word wrap'.
At the top of the screen, you will see the message 'Wd/Wrap' on the status
line. Press CTRL/W and the message on the status line changes to 'W/W Off'.
Type in some more words to show what happens. This time the cursor keeps
moving across the screen, completely ignoring the right hand margin and
carries on until the screen scrolls. Press CTRL/W again to switch Word wrap
back on. You would not normally use this method of entering text, though it
can be useful on occasions.
At the end of a paragraph press the RETURN key. This ends the paragraph and
moves the cursor down a line. In insert mode, a new line will be inserted
into the document and the cursor will move onto it. In overwrite mode the
cursor will move down to the next line, but no new line will be inserted. Any
typing mistakes can be corrected using the DEL, Backspace and cursor keys to
remove and replace characters. A common mistake is to get two letters the
wrong way round, such as 'hte' instead of 'the' .Place the cursor on the
first of the transposed letters and press CTRL/A.
SHIFT/BACKSPACE and SHIFT/DEL delete a word or part word. Place the cursor on
the first letter and press SHIFT/DEL, the complete word disappears. Place the
cursor on the first space after a word and press SHIFT/BACKSPACE, the
previous word disappears. In both cases the gap has been closed up. To delete
the last part of a word, Place the cursor on the first letter to be deleted
and use SHIFT/DEL. To delete the first part of a word, Place the cursor on
the first letter you want to remain and press SHIFT/BACKSPACE.
CTRL/E and CTRL/DEL delete the text from the cursor to the end or the start
of the line respectively. Pressing CTRL/F will re-format a paragraph from the
cursor Place to the end of a paragraph. If we delete all the text from a
line, either by pressing one key after the other, or because there wasn't any
more text on the line, it does not delete the line from the document, merely
the text from the line. If we want to remove a line from the document,
whether it be empty, or one containing text, use CTRL/f3. This will remove
the complete line from the document and the remainder of the text will move
up.
Some of the above commands are fairly severe in their effect on the text, so
PROTEXT provides a command which can help to undo any mistakes you may have
made. CTRL/U is the 'un-delete' command and restores the text deleted by the
last use of any of the delete commands. Note that it can only restore the
last bit of text deleted and that any subsequent use of the DEL keys will
cause previously deleted text to be forgotten. So far you have learnt several
ways to delete text from lines and even to delete whole lines. This is a good
time to learn how to insert new lines into the text. If you just want to
insert an empty line at the end of a paragraph, press the RETURN key a second
time, when in insert mode. If in overwrite mode, pressing RETURN will make
the cursor move down a line.
PROTEXT provides a command, CTRL/I, which moves all the text, from the line
that the cursor is on, down a line and inserts a blank line into the text
where the cursor is. One thing which you will quite frequently want to do is
split lines into two and join two lines together. There are two different
ways to do this, depending on whether you are in insert or overwrite mode. In
insert mode, placing the cursor where the line is to be split and pressing
RETURN results in the cursor and the remainder of the text being moved down
onto a new line beneath. Split this paragraph at the last sentence. To join
two consecutive lines together, move the cursor to the end of the first line
and press DEL, or by move the cursor to the start of the second line and
press DEL. In overwrite mode, pressing RETURN does not split the line, but
moves the cursor down to the start of the next line, so two commands are
provided to enable lines to be split and joined. CTRL/* (NOT KEYPAD *) will
split a line at the cursor place and CTRL/+ will join lines together. Any
leading spaces that would have appeared at the start of the new line will be
discarded.
If you press CTRL// when the cursor is over a lower case letter it will
change into an upper case letter. Keeping the keys pressed results in the
cursor moving along the line of text changing any lower case letters into
upper case. You do not need to worry about numbers and punctuation marks
etc., as these are just passed over. The reverse of this command is CTRL/\
which turns all upper case letters into LOWER CASE. So far, most of the
frequently used editing commands have been covered, though there are a number
of others which are detailed in the manual. One form of editing which hasn't
been covered at all yet is the subject of moving, copying and deleting blocks
of text. This is such a powerful and versatile feature of PROTEXT that it has
a section all to itself.
FILE SELECTOR
-------------
Extra features have been added to the file selector on Version 5.5, including
different sorting methods and marking for operations on a set of files. The
disk free space is shown when the file list is displayed.
CALLING UP THE FILE SELECTOR
----------------------------
The Function key 2 (F2) has been changed to call the Protext file selector
directly. If this does not work edit the macro file Protext.key and delete
the line starting 'KEY 258'.
VIEWING THE FILES IN DIFFERENT ORDERS
-------------------------------------
Initially the files are shown sorted alphabetically by name. This is shown
below the list of files by the message 'Sorted by Name'. To change this press
the TAB key. Each press changes the sorting method. When in the file selector
pressing CTRL-H toggles the display of hidden files.
BULK DELETING AND COPYING
-------------------------
Files can be marked for deletion or copying. The marking will be lost if the
directory is re-read (such as after deleting or copying a file). There are
several new commands.
SPACE Marks or Un-Marks the current file
CTRL-M Marks all files
CTRL-I Inverts the marking. Marks unmarked files, un-marks marked files.
CTRL-C Copies marked files to stated destination.
CTRL-DEL Deletes marked files. This is an alternative to E to erase a file.
COMMAND SYNTAX TUTOR 2
--------------
References to UA, DA, LA, RA mean Up Arrow (Cursor), Down Arrow etc.
Throughout this tutor a constant form is used to describe which keys to press
when carrying out 'editing' commands.Examples:/
CTRL/A means hold down the CTRL key and press the key marked A CTRL/( means
hold down the CTRL key and press the key marked ( There is NO need to press
the SHIFT key as well. SHIFT/LA means SHIFT and the left cursor key. CTRL/@ 2
means press CTRL and the key marked @, release and press the key marked 2
MOVING AROUND THE DOCUMENT
--------------------------
This tutor will initially show you the quick and easy ways to move around a
document. PROTEXT is particularly quick and flexible in this respect. The
cursor keys are used to move the cursor around one character at a time, and
scroll the screen when at the top or bottom of the screen text.
Similarly with Right RA cursor, it will go past the end of the line of text
if held long enough and the screen will scroll sideways. This is because
PROTEXT can handle documents of unlimited width (See Rulers & Formatting
Document) and when the text is wider than the screen, is scrolled across so
that you can see what you are typing.
You can move across the screen more quickly, either by jumping a word at a
time, or from one end of a line to the other. If SHIFT/RA or SHIFT/LA is
pressed, the cursor hops from the start of one word to the start of the next.
When it reaches the last word on a line, it will continue on the next line.
CTRL/RA makes the cursor hop to the end of a line and CTRL/LA returns the
cursor to the beginning of the line.
If SHIFT/UA is pressed, the text moves up the screen in a similar way to
before, but with a difference. The flashing cursor remains on the line that
it was on when you started pressing SHIFT/DA. You will find this useful when
editing text at the bottom of the screen as it lets you move the text up so
that you can read the following text, but without losing your place in the.
SHIFT/DA does exactly the same thing, but in the other direction. Some
commands allow you to jump up and down through the text quickly. These use
the UA and DA cursor keys with the CTRL key. If CTRL/UA is pressed, the text
jumps up less than a full screen with each press.
PROTEXT also has two commands which let you jump straight to the beginning or
the end of the text in memory.
Notice that we said 'text in memory'. With reasonably sized documents this
will be the beginning and end of the document, but with a large document it
may not be possible to fit it all in memory at once, in which case PROTEXT
will automatically load and save the text from disk as you progress through
the document. You will be unaware of this happening most of the time and one
of the few occasions you will notice it is when you have used the CTRL/[ or
CTRL/] commands which will only take you to the start or end of the text in
memory. To get to the start or end of the complete document you should press
CTRL/[ or CTRL/] a second time.
CTRL/< and CTRL/> let you jump a paragraph at a time. CTRL/< (The smaller
than symbol) will move you back one paragraph to the start of a paragraph,
whilst CTRL/> (greater than symbol) will take you to the start of the next
paragraph. You can step through the text a page at a time. A page means a
page as it will be printed, not a screen page. At the top of the screen is
the message 'Page n Line nn'.
PROTEXT always keeps a note of which page you are on and also which line and
column the cursor is on. To move a page at a time are CTRL/( and CTRL/) the
opening bracket will take you back to the start of the page and the closing
bracket will take you forwards to the start of the next page.
CTRL/L takes the cursor back to its previous position if one of the 'jump'
commands has been used to move to another part of the text, if you press the
wrong key by accident and jump to the wrong place, you can get back to the
right place. Press CTRL/< and then CTRL/L.
If CTRL/G is pressed, a message will appear on the status line requesting you
to enter P (Page),L (Line),or C (Column) and a number. Entering P and a
number makes the cursor jump straight to the start of the specified page,
whilst prefixing the number with C will take the cursor to the relevant
column number. Using L as the prefix, or omitting the prefix altogether will
send the cursor to the line number. You should note that the line number is
the actual line number in the text, which will not be the same as the line
number displayed at the top of the screen, on the status line, if 'Page mode'
is selected, this can be toggled on/off at any time by pressing CTRL/P, which
results in the true line number being displayed on the status line.
Finally, PROTEXT lets you go to positions in the text that you have marked
with place markers. These markers are placed in the text by typing CTRL/@
(The @ symbol is on the same key as the #, near to the RETURN key). Pressing
CTRL/@ it will change the top status line showing a message telling you to
press a number between 0 and 9, or other symbols. Press the '0' key for now,
to select marker 0. The status line has returned to normal, but now, instead
of containing the message 'No markers set', it contains the message 'Markers
0' as an indication that marker 0 is in use. You will also find that the
character '0' will be positioned in the text at the cursor position, but in
inverse.
You can leave these markers in the text and they will be ignored when
printing takes place, if you want to remove one, place the cursor on the
marker and press the DEL key. To return to a marker, follow the same
procedure that was used to set the marker. If no marker is set, then one will
be set. If a marker is set, then the cursor will jump to its location.
There are many uses for place markers, one of which is to put markers in the
text in positions which you might have to refer to during the course of
creating a document.
In addition to place markers there is another marker, called the 'multiple
marker' and whereas it was only possible to set one of each of the place
markers, you can have as many of the multiple markers as you want. Multiple
markers are set by using CTRL/@ as before, but this time the '?' key should
be used instead of one of the number keys.
During this tutor, a number of place and multiple markers may have been
positioned throughout the document. To find these markers press CTRL/F5 or
CTRL/F6 to take the cursor to the next place or multiple marker, forwards or
backwards through the text.
CUT & PASTE TUTOR 3
-----------
Cut and Paste Editing enables you to move, copy or delete areas of text. You
must set two markers, one at the start of the block of text and the other at
the end. It does not matter which is set first. Or Hold down the Left mouse
button and drag the pointer over the required text to be manipulated and
release button. Double clicking over the marked area will remove the block.
Using the keyboard, move the cursor to the start of the first line of the
preceding paragraph and press CTRL/Z.
*The block marker is represented on the screen as an inverse video square
bracket. The first one set will always be an opening square bracket. Move the
cursor to the start of the first line of this paragraph and press CTRL/Z a
second time. An inverse video closing square bracket will mark the text. A
block has now been marked consisting of all the text between the two markers.
The Status line which said 'No markers set', will show two square brackets to
indicate that both markers are set. If you have placed a marker in the wrong
place it can be removed by placing the cursor over it and pressing CTRL/Z
again, or by deleting, or any block markers which are set can be cancelled by
pressing CTRL/K.
If both markers are already set when you try to set a marker, the screen
flashes and a message appears on the status line. You must press the ESC. key
to return to edit mode. If you do not want the old markers then use CTRL/K to
delete them before setting new ones. If you want to look at them before
removing, PROTEXT provides a command to enable you to quickly find them,
without having to look through the text. We can use CTRL/@ with either the
opening or closing bracket to jump straight to whichever bracket was chosen.
Having selected the block you can then decide whether to move, copy or delete
it.
COPY BLOCK: Move the cursor to the start of the marked paragraph and press
CTRL/F10. The block of text has been copied down. The block markers have
moved with the block. If you look back in the text, you will find that the
original piece of text is still there.
MOVE BLOCK: Move the cursor to the start of the marked paragraph and press
CTRL/M to move the text. The block of text will be at the start of the
paragraph, complete with markers, and has been moved from where it was.
As the block markers are still set, press CTRL/DEL to delete. If the block of
text is too large to be 'un-deleted' with CTRL/U, the screen flashes and a
message at the top of the screen requests confirmation to delete the block,
before doing so. One thing should be noted: the cursor must not be inside the
marked block when move or copy commands are used, as it is not possible to
copy a block or move it into itself.
BOX MODE EDITING
----------------
In addition to block mode, there is a 'BOX / COLUMN' mode. The difference
between block and box mode is when a block is marked, all text between the
markers is included in the block. When in BOX mode, only text that is
positioned within an imaginary box marked by the opening block marker at the
top left of the box and the closing marker at the bottom right, is included
in the box. The same 'Move', 'Copy' and 'Delete' commands that are used in
block mode may be used to manipulate the box. The setting of 'Insert /
Overwrite' has an effect on how the box reacts and may be used to determine
whether a box is inserted into existing text, or overwrites it and whether
the space created when 'Delete' is used closes up the gap or leaves it as a
blank space.
There are many uses for Box mode, from changing the order of columns of
figures and text, to moving whole areas of text alongside other text to
create a multi/column layout before printing.
TWO FILE EDITING
----------------
CTRL/Y is a command frequently used with CUT & PASTE. CTRL/Y is used to
switch between two documents in memory. Mark this paragraph with block
markers, press CTRL/Y, followed by CTRL/O (letter O, not zero).
You should now be in a new document containing only the marked block of text.
Look at the status line and you will see that it is a new document. Press
CTRL/Y again, PROTEXT will switch back to the original document, which will
still contain the original block of text. CTRL/Y toggles between the two
documents.
CTRL/O is the command used to copy over the contents of a block into the
other document. The block of text is always copied over to the position of
the cursor in the second document. The original block of text will still have
the block/box markers round it, so it is easy to press CTRL/DEL to remove the
original text if required.
The above operations, provide a most convenient way to transfer sections of
one document to another and this is much quicker than saving blocks of text
and merging them into the other document. The second document is an entirely
normal document and any of the command mode and editing commands can be used.
You will also have noticed that when you switch between documents, the cursor
position is remembered, together with all the settings of the various block
and place markers, justification etc.
* When using the Mouse to block an area, the Inverse block markers do not
appear on that marked area. Only one area can be marked this way.
RULERS, TABS, MARGINS AND FORMATTING TUTOR 4
------------------------------------
Formatting sets the layout and appearance of a document and takes two forms.
Automatic, or manual. Re-formatting is the process of rearranging the text
into another layout, correcting misalignment of text caused by insertion or
deletion of areas of text, or by altering rulers after text has been entered.
Automatic formatting is controlled by a number of things, the first of which
are 'Rulers'. A ruler is a line that marks the margins and tabs. Margins are
the left and right hand limits of the text, whilst tabs are markers used to
position text in set columns and are particularly useful for lining up
columns of words or numbers. At the top of screen, just under the Status
line, there is a ruler. This is the 'active ruler' and is the one applicable
to the line of text that the cursor is on.
You can have any number of ruler lines in the text and each ruler applies to
the text from the line beneath the ruler to the next ruler line (or the end
of the text if there are no more ruler lines). When the cursor is moved down
past a ruler line, the new ruler will immediately replace the previous ruler
at the top of the screen. PROTEXT considers the first ruler that will be used
when printing takes place, to be the 'default document ruler'.
Now create some ruler lines and move the cursor up and down past them, to
show how the 'active' ruler line changes. Watch the 'active' ruler line at
the top of the screen.
>L---!-------------------------------------------------R
This is just to provide an example of the effect
of moving the cursor past ruler lines.
>L--------------------------------------------------------------------------R
When you load PROTEXT initially, you will see the default ruler displayed at
the top of the screen, beneath the status lines. Each '!' on the ruler marks
a tab position and the 'L' and 'R' indicate the left and right margins.
Rulers are used to decide on the width of a line of text and also to position
'Tab' markers. Ruler lines always start with a '>' symbol in the left hand
column and the tabs are marked by using the '!' symbol. A '.' may be used to
mark a decimal tab. On the next line is an example of a ruler line using both
tabs (!) and decimal tabs (.) :-
Pressing TAB moves the cursor to the first tab marker on the ruler line.
Pressing it further causes the cursor to jump to the next tab marker. You can
also have rulers of any width and inset left margins are provided for by
inserting the letter 'L' in the ruler line where the left hand margin is
required, e.g.:-
>L---!-------------------------------------------------R
Notice how the left margin is inset when text is
entered. Comments, or numbers may be put in the
left margin by forcing the cursor to the left of
the screen and then typing the required text. Any
text in the margin will not be affected by
formatting.
1 This is an example of a number inserted into the
left margin.
We shall now make the current ruler a bit wider
and re-format the paragraphs to show how the
numbers still remain in the left margin.
>L---!----------------------------------------------------------------------R
2 You can create new ruler lines to suit the layout you require by typing
the new ruler line as you would a line of text. The line must have a
'greater than' symbol (>) in the first column. You do not need to type
in the hyphens (-) along the line, though they do make the ruler more
visible and unless you wish to inset the left margin, which is described
later, you should not enter the 'L'. By default PROTEXT assumes the
first column to be the left margin. Simply type in the '!' symbol
wherever you want a tab and the point '.' wherever you want a decimal
tab.
Previous rulers may be copied down for use again, as will happen after
this paragraph. Repeated use of CTRL-R will always bring down the
previous ruler but one.
This makes it very easy to switch between two different formats. The first
ruler that was used in the document, which is known as the 'default' ruler,
can also be recalled any time by the use of CTRL-D.
Often, when creating a new ruler, it is convenient to use one or the other of
the commands to copy a ruler down and then to edit it as required by adding
or removing tabs, etc. Rulers may also be copied from anywhere in the text by
using the normal block copy command, COPY, after marking the ruler with the
block markers.
USING THE TAB KEY
-----------------
Depending on whether insert or overwrite mode is being used, the effect of
using the TAB key will be different. Enter insert mode and position the
cursor at the start of the last line of the previous paragraph and then press
the TAB key. You will see that the cursor jumps across to the first TAB
marker, pushing the text in front of it. Pressing the TAB key again will make
the cursor jump to the next tab marker.
Press BACKSPACE repeatedly, the cursor and text will be pulled back to the
previous tab markers. If we want to tab across the line without moving the
text across, then we should press SHIFT-TAB and this time the cursor will
just pass over the text to the tab position. We shall now go into overwrite
mode using CTRL-TAB and repeat the process. This time you will see the cursor
passes over the text, whilst SHIFT-TAB has the effect of pushing the text
across.
The main use of tabs is for aligning text or numbers in columns, and PROTEXT
allows you to set tabs at any positions in the line (and as many as you
like). The normal tab is also used to inset the start of a paragraph and when
used in conjunction with RETURN can provide a very quick means of splitting
one paragraph into two. Demonstrate it now by positioning the cursor on the
'D' at the start of this sentence and pressing RETURN, then TAB to inset the
paragraph, and then finally CTRL-F to re-format the paragraph.
Note: The TAB key should not be used when creating or editing a ruler line as
this will cause the tabs to be set wrongly.
PROTEXT also has a special form of tab called a 'decimal tab' which can be
used in a number of ways. It permits you to align numbers so that the decimal
points line up automatically.
>L-----------------------------------------------------.--R
21.00
When the decimal marker is used and numbers are entered, they are pushed to
the left until a decimal point is inserted, after which the cursor will move
to the right. If you do not enter a decimal point (as for a whole number) and
then press TAB again, or RETURN, the numbers are right justified in such a
way that units, tens, hundreds etc. all line up.
This tab can also be used with words, in which case they will be lined up so
that the end of the words are all in line. This can be very useful for entry
of words like 'Total' and 'Subtotal' in conjunction with columns of figures.
>L---!---------------.-----!---------------------.---R
Sub Total 500.00 Grand Total 4000.00
The right margin (denoted by 'R' on the ruler line) also acts as a decimal
tab. If TAB is pressed when the cursor is to the right of all tab markers, it
will be moved to the column to the right of the margin. Any text typed now is
right-justified at the margin. This can be very useful for putting the date
on the right hand side of a letter, amongst many other things.
>L------------------------------------------------------!-----------------R
12th August 1987
Note that there must be sufficient room between the previous tab and the
margin for the text that is to be entered.
A left margin should NOT be used to indent the whole text. If you want to
leave part of the paper to the left of the text blank, use the 'side margin'
stored command which is described in the manual. If you have tabulated text
by inserting tab characters, altering the position of the tab markers on the
ruler line will result in the tabulated columns being re-formatted to their
new positions immediately, making it is easy to move columns about or
experiment with different layouts to decide which is best.
>L--!--------------------.--------------------.-------R
Item1 100.00 10.20
Item 2 25.43 12.50
Item 3 240.50 .75
One useful command is CTRL-V T, which makes all tabs and Carriage Returns
visible. Tabs appear as a right pointing arrow, whilst carriage returns are
shown as a 'cranked arrow' pointing to the left. CTRL-V T is a toggled
command and using it again will remove them from sight.
Another feature is 'Right Justification'. By default, the text is right
justified, which means that the right hand side of the document is always in
a straight line, as in a book, but this can be changed by the use of the
CTRL-J command. When right justification is off, the text will be formatted
with a ragged right margin, which is how it would normally appear on a
typewriter. This is a toggled command and right justification can be turned
on and off at any time.
PROTEXT has a 'global' format command. This is used from command mode, so it
is necessary to press the ESC. key to enter command mode before typing
FORMAT. When RETURN is pressed the entire document will be Re-Formatted
according to the current settings of right justification and any rulers in
the text. There is also a command FORMATB which will re-format only the text
within a block marked with the Block Markers.
When right justification is in operation PROTEXT might insert spaces between
words where it is important that there is only one space and PROTEXT has a
special character to replace the space. When justification takes place,
PROTEXT then knows not to insert any spaces where a 'Non-break space' has
been used. To insert a non-break space, press CTRL-N, followed by a space and
you will see the space represented by a small character like this -''.
One example which might illustrate the use of it is where you have a space
after the 'A.' in Mr. A. Smith. This would look wrong if separated by more
than one space, as above, but when a non break space is used, 'Mr A. Smith'
it will always appear with only the one space between.
Another similar character is the 'non-break hyphen'. Normally, when PROTEXT
finds a hyphen at the end of a line, it will split the word at that point,
but on occasions it may be important not to split the word. An example of
this is where we have used a hyphen in CTRL-TAB which has the effect of
splitting the command. Pressing CTRL-N and then the hyphen key will insert a
non break hyphen, ensuring that the two halves are permanently joined
together. Non break hyphens are represented on the screen (after pressing F4)
by an inverted video '-', but when printed will appear as a normal hyphen.
The opposite of the non-break hyphen is the 'soft-hyphen'. This may be used
in the middle of a long word which might look better if split with a hyphen,
rather than causing the text on the previous line to be stretched unnatu-
rally. It is inserted into the word by pressing CTRL-(CTRL-hyphen key) and
will appear as a hyphen in inverse video . The hyphen will always appear in
the text on the screen, but the word will not be split unless the soft hyphen
falls naturally towards the end of a line.
When printing takes place the hyphen will only be printed if it is at the end
of a line, otherwise it will just be ignored and the word will appear as one
word. PROTEXT also has a command to make these codes 'invisible', so that the
text can be viewed as it will appear. To see this in action, we can press
CTRL-V V to view the text without any printer control codes, hard spaces or
soft hyphens. Any place markers and block markers will also be made
invisible. Pressing it again will restore them to the screen.
Yet another command which is not strictly a formatting command, but which can
prove most useful is CTRL-V S, which exposes all hard spaces. Hard spaces are
those which are typed in by you, rather than the 'soft' spaces which are
inserted by PROTEXT in the course of formatting. Soft spaces can be inserted
and removed at any time by PROTEXT, whereas hard spaces are a permanent part
of the document. To see this in use, we shall press CTRL-V S and the hard
spaces will be shown as shaded spaces, with the soft spaces remaining blank.
Repeating the command will turn them off again.
PRINT FORMATTING
----------------
ELIMINATION OF WIDOWS & ORPHANS
-------------------------------
When Protext is formatting the text it will do so to avoid leaving the last
line of a paragraph at the top of a page, or the first line of a paragraph at
the bottom of a page.
In the first case it will break the page one line earlier so that the last
two lines of the paragraph appear on the next page. In the second case the
paragraph will start at the top of the next page.
Widow and Orphan handling may be turned on and off at any point by the stored
commands >WO ON - >WO OFF. A Config option is provided to set the initial
state.
SUPPRESSION OF BLANK LINES
--------------------------
If a natural page break (not forced with >PA) falls before a blank line, the
blank line will be printed at the top of the next page. Often this is not
what is wanted because a blank line separating paragraphs should be omitted
when the paragraphs are separated by a page break.
The stored command >BL ON - >BL OFF, may be used to turn blank line
suppression on and off. Any number of blank lines after a natural page break
will not then be printed. A Config option is provided to set the initial
state.
NEW CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
-------------------------
OPTION DEFAULT RELATED
------ ------- -------
EDITING
Automatic Hyphenation OFF >HY
Hyphenation factor (%) 100 >HY
LAYOUT OPTIONS
Widow and Orphans elimination ON >WO
Blank Line Suppression OFF >BL
THESAURUS OPTIONS
Invoke Thesaurus CTRL-T
SPELLING CHECKER OPTIONS
Disable Capital letter check NO
FILE AND DISK OPTIONS
Printer Driver Path
Spelling Checker Path
Restore Directory after external command YES
DISPLAY OPTIONS
Screen Mode ALT-F
Command Mode Prompt Symbol
THE SPELLING CHECKER TUTOR 5
--------------------
Protext 5.5 uses revised Dictionaries which although are the same size as
previous versions are not compatible. When upgrading, the new dictionaries
should be replace the older ones.
User dictionaries are automatically updated to work with version 5.5, but
cannot be re-used with older versions.
The dictionary path can now be set in the config file.
REPEATED WORD CHECK
-------------------
When spell checking in Edit mode (CTRL-S) you now get a warning if two
subsequent words appear together, e.g. the the, with an option to delete the
second word.
CAPITAL LETTER AT START OF SENTENCE
-----------------------------------
You also get a warning if a sentence starts without a capital letter, with an
option to convert it to a capital.
Spell ignore markers can be placed to prevent the above warning messages
being given.
There will be misspellings during the course of this demonstration. This is
delibrate, so that we can use the speeling checker from within Protext!
PROTEXT spell checker may be used in a number of different ways.
A single word may be checked whilst editing. (CTRL-Q)
All or part of a document may be checked whilst editing.(CTRL-S)
Complete text files may be checked.(From Requester Bar)
Automatic checking of each word as text is entered. (From Config file)
Data is stored in dictionary files in compact form and words may be added to
a dictionary with a small increase in the size of the file. Up to five
dictionaries may be specified and when a spell check is carried out each of
the dictionaries will be checked in turn. The advantage of this is that it is
very simple to keep special dictionaries for different purposes. E.G. foreign
language words, technical terms. Commands are available for 'Dictionary
maintenance'.
SINGLE WORD CHECKING
--------------------
Single words may be checked by pressing CTRL-Q (for Quick check) when the
cursor is positioned over a word. If the cursor is not positioned on a word,
the last word prior to the cursor will be checked.
If the word is found the message 'Word is in dictionary' will be displayed on
the Status line and, after a brief pause, normal editing will resume.
If the word is not found, the available options will be displayed on the
Status line. 'S' will store the word, 'L', will look up the word. Use the
'Look up' option to find the correct word and then insert it directly into
the document to replace the misspelled wrd.
Selecting either the 'I' to ignore or 'C' to change options will cause a
return to normal editing. Once corrected, a word may be re-checked by
pressing CTRL-Q again.
CHECKING DURING EDITING
-----------------------
Pressing CTRL-S starts a spell check from the cursor position to the end of
the text, or until the check is ended. Each word in turn is checked in the
dictionary/s. If the word exists further words will be checked until either
an unrecognised word is found or the spelling check is abandoned by pressing
ESC.
If the word is not rekognised the cursor will be positioned at the start of
the unrecognised word and the Status line will display the options available.
The options are the same as when a single word is checked. The difference
being if the word is found, PROTEXT will automatically continue checking the
remainder of the document.
Go back to the start of the document and use CTRL-S to check the spelling of
the document. Any unrecognised words will be treated in a variety of
different ways for demonstration purposes.
DOCUMENT CHECKING
-----------------
Complete text files may be checked from memory or disc and this is the
quickest way to check the spelling of a completed document. PROTEXT carries
out this operation in a slightly different way from the other methods already
described, although the principles are similar.
The difference being the document is loaded into memory and then sorted into
alphabetical order before the spelling check starts. The effect of this is
the check can be carried out more quickly.
Two passes are made. The first results in a list of unrecognised words being
displayed on the screen and the second pass offers each unrecognised word for
correction in a similar way to the other checks.
The document has now been checked and the corrected document would have been
saved back onto disc. The original file would be renamed with a '.BAK'
extension.
SPELL CHECKING ON ENTRY
-----------------------
This method of spell checking is suited to use with a hard disk where the
dictionary is available at all times. Auto-spell checking may be turned on or
off at any time, as required.
PROTEXT also allows you to spell check at the time that wods Ooops! are
entered. If you make a mistake, the screen will flash when you finish the
misspelled word. You can then correct the error.
PROTEXT has a command, ANAGRAM, which can help you do your crossword puzzles.
Look for any words, that are in the dictionary, which contain the letters
that make up the word NAME. Note that it may take a while to find all
possible occurrences, as there may be many alternatives and a number of
dictionaries to check. ANAGRAM NAME
Another similar command is called FINDW and will find words which match the
specified word pattern. 'Wildcards' may be used to specify any unknown
letters (Wildcards may also be used in the ANAGRAM command incidentally). A
'?' means any single character and a '*' means any number of characters.
Look for any words that match S*K, which means all words of any length that
start with S and end with K. FINDW S*K. Alternatively, we could look for
A?A?U?, which would look for any six letter words with A in the first and
third places and U as the fifth character.FINDW A?A?U?
There are many other commands that let you look at, alter and create new
dictionaries, but you will have to find out about those by using the
requester bar or Help commands. Alternatively ... BUY THE PRODUCT.
THE THESAURUS
-------------
The Protext Thesaurus will take a word and supply a list of words with
similar meaning. A word may give several lists of synonyms, for various
different senses of the word. The part of speech (noun, verb, etc.) is shown
for each sense.
The Thesaurus has 43,000 entry points and 827,000 responses.
THESAURUS DATA FILES
--------------------
The British file is called ARNORENG.THS. This should be located in the
spelling checker path directory. The thesaurus also requires the file
BRTPHON.ENV to be present, as does the spelling checker. (Also the file
BRT.HYP has to be present in the spelling checker directory for when using
automatic Hyphenation which can be set from the config program).
HOW TO USE
----------
To look up a word in the text, place the cursor on or after the word and
press CTRL-T.
If the word is recognised a dialogue box appears listing the synonyms for the
first meaning of the word. The top line shows the word and the total number
of meanings for this word. The second line gives the part of speech.
For example: WELL <1 of 12>
adverb
The part of speech may be one of the following:
Noun
Verb
Verb past participle of ..
Adjective
Adverb
Conjunction
Interjection
Preposition
Pronoun
To replace the word by one from the list, first highlight the word by using
the cursor keys or clicking with the mouse. Then press I or click on the
INSERT button.
To obtain a further list of synonyms for one of the listed words, highlight
the word and press RETURN or double click on the word. NOTE that not all
words will produce a new list.
INFLECTION
----------
The thesaurus handles inflected forms of words, such as plurals and verb
forms. The synonyms are presented in the appropriate inflected form.
THE DEFAULT MACRO (FUNCTION) KEY LIST TUTOR 6
-------------------------------------
FUNCTION KEYS.
--------------
F1 INSERT LINE.
F2 CATALOGUE (SPECIFIED) DISK/DIR.
F3
F4 VIEW DOCUMENT AFTER SELECTING STYLE OPTION.
F5 FIND SELECTED WORD/S BACKWARDS.
F6 FIND SELECTED WORD/S. FORWARD.
F7 SELECT PRINTER CONTROL CODES.
F8 MARKER No. FINDER.
F9 MARKER MAKER.
F10 COPY MARKED BLOCK.
CONTROL & FUNCTION KEYS
-----------------------
CF1 MACRO MAKER.
CF2
CF3 DELETE LINE THAT CURSOR IS ON.
CF4 DELETE MARKED BLOCK.
CF5 FIND PREVIOUS MARKER.
CF6 FIND NEXT MARKER.
CF7 LINE DRAWING MODE.(ONLY PRINTED WITH AN IBM COMPATIBLE PRINTER).
CF8 SELECT CHARACTER TO BE DRAWN IN THE LINE DRAWING MODE.
CF9 REMOVE MARKERS.
CF10 MOVE MARKED BLOCK TO CURSOR POSITION.
ALT & FUNCTION KEYS
-------------------
ALT-F1 To ALT-F10 DOCUMENT 1 TO DOCUMENT 10
HELP KEY
--------
DISPLAY SUNDRY HELP COMMANDS
SUMMARY OF PROTEXT COMMANDS. ALL VERSIONS + 5. ONWARDS TUTOR 7
------------------------------------------------------
This summary is divided into the | (a) Edit Mode Commands
following categories and gives | (b) Stored Commands
concise details of the syntax of | (c) Command mode commands
all commands used by Protext. | (d) External Utility program commands
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) EDIT MODE. The commands marked '*' are not available in program mode.
Alternate. Key. Function.
---------- ---- ---------
CURSOR MOVEMENT.
----------------
LA Move left one character
RA Move right one character
UA Move up one character
DA Move down one character
SHIFT-LA Move left one word
SHIFT-RA Move right one word
SHIFT-UA Scroll back one line
SHIFT-DA Scroll forward one line
HOME CTRL-LA Move to start of line
END CTRL-RA Move to end of line PgUp
CTRL-UA Scroll back one screenful
PgDn CTRL-DA Scroll forward one screenful
SHIFT-CTRL-LA Move to start of sentence
SHIFT-CTRL-RA Move to end of sentence
CTRL-[ Move to start of document in memory
CTRL-] Move to end of document in memory
CTRL-HOME CTRL-[ TWICE Move to start of document
CTRL-END CTRL-] TWICE Move to end of document
CTRL-( * Move back one page
CTRL-) * Move forward one page
CTRL-< Move back one paragraph
CTRL-> Move forward one paragraph
CTRL-L Go to last cursor position
CTRL-G Go to line, page, column number
ENTER RETURN INSERT MODE. Split line, move to left
margin of next line.
OVERWRITE MODE. Move to left margin of
next line
SHIFT-RETURN Move to left margin of next line
CTRL-RETURN Move to left margin of next line
TAB INSERT MODE. Insert Tab character
OVERWRITE MODE. Move to next Tab
SHIFT-TAB INSERT MODE. Move to next Tab
OVERWRITE MODE. Insert Tab character
ALT-TAB Insert indent tab
CTRL-B Box Mode. Different Op In Insert/OW Mode
CTRL-DA Move To Bottom Of Catalogued Disk Listing
CTRL-LA Move To Left Column Of Catalogued Disk Listing
CTRL-RA Move To Right Column Of Catalogued Disk Listing
CTRL-UA Move To Top Of Catalogued Disk Listing
CTRL-[ Move To Start Of Catalogued Disk Listing
CTRL-] Move To End Of Catalogued Disk Listing
WILDCARDS #?
OTHER COMMANDS
--------------
AMIGA-A Ascii Save
AMIGA-B Bold Style Toggle
AMIGA-C Copy Marked Block
AMIGA-G Goto Page/Line/Column No.
AMIGA-I Italics Style Toggle
AMIGA-O Load File
AMIGA-P Pica Style Toggle
AMIGA-Q Quit Protext
AMIGA-S Save File
AMIGA-U Underline Style Toggle
AMIGA-V Move Marked Block
AMIGA-W Word Count
AMIGA-X Delete Marked Block
AMIGA-Z Un-delete Marked Block
CTRL-C Copies marked files in CAT file selector.
CTRL-DEL Deletes marked files in CAT file selector.
CTRL-H Shows hidden file in CAT file selector.
CTRL-I Inverts marked files in CAT file selector
CTRL-M Marks all files in CAT file selector.
CTRL-N space * Non-break space
CTRL-N hyphen * Non-break hyphen
CTRL-P * Page mode On/Off
CTRL-V * View codes
CTRL-V P * Page breaks display On/Off
CTRL-V R * Ruler line Visible/Hidden
CTRL-V S Hard spaces Visible/Hidden
CTRL-V T Tabs and returns Visible/Hidden
F4 CTRL-V V Control codes Visible/Hidden
CTRL-T Invoke Thesaurus
F7 CTRL-X * Insert printer control code
CTRL-X-* Mark word for indexing
CTRL-X-= Spell Ignore marker
CTRL-X-@ Index generating.On words for phrasing
CTRL-X-C Condensed Print Style
CTRL-X-E Elite Print Style (12 Cpi)
CTRL-X-L Enlarged Print Style
CTRL-X-N Pica Print Style (Default - 10 Cpi)
CTRL-X-P Proportional Print Style
CTRL-X-Q Quality Print Style
CTRL-X-S Subscript Print Style
CTRL-X-T Superscript Print Style
F7 B ALT-B * Insert Bold code
F7 I ALT-I * Insert Italic code
F7 U ALT-U * Insert Underline code
F7 = ALT-= * Insert spell ignore marker
F7 * ALT-W * Insert index word marker
F7 # ALT-P * Insert index phrase marker
CTRL-Y Switch between documents in memory
SHIFT-CTRL-Y Exchange top and bottom files
SHIFT-CTRL-X Split/Un-split screen
CTRL-/ Convert letter to upper case
CTRL-\ Convert letter to lower case
SHIFT-CTRL-/ Convert word to upper case
SHIFT-CTRL-\ Convert word to lower case
CTRL-hyphen * Insert soft hyphen. Stop word splitting
CTRL-SPACE Insert a space
SHIFT-CTRL-M CTRL-F1 Macro record mode On/Off
CTRL-HELP Scroll lock On/Off
ESC Enter command/prog mode toggle
SHIFT-CTRL-P CTRL-F1 Macro key set up
SPACE Marks/unmarks file in CAT selector.
THESAURUS
----------
CTRL-T
SPELL CHECKING
--------------
CTRL-Q * Spell check single word
CTRL-S * Spell check from cursor to end of file
SHIFT-CTRL-S * Spell check whilst typing On/Off
INSERTION AND DELETION
----------------------
CTRL-I Insert line
CTRL-kpd* CTRL-F3 Delete line
CTRL-LA-DEL Delete to start of line
CTRL-DEL-RA CTRL-E Delete to end of line
SHIFT-CTRL-LA-DEL Delete to start of sentence
SHIFT-CTRL-E Delete to end of sentence
LA-DEL Delete character before cursor
DEL-RA DEL Delete character at cursor
SHIFT-LA-DEL Delete word left
SHIFT-DEL-RA SHIFT-DEL Delete word right
INS CTRL-TAB Toggle Insert/Overwrite mode
CTRL-A Transpose (Alternate) characters
CTRL-U Undo last delete operation
CTRL-* Split line at cursor
CTRL-+ Join lines
BLOCK COMMANDS
--------------
F9 CTRL-Z Set or clear block markers
CTRL-F9 CTRL-K Clear all block markers
CTRL-F10 CTRL-M Move block
CTRL-INS F10 Copy block
CTRL-F4 CTRL-DEL Delete block
CTRL-O Copy block from other document
FORMATTING AND RULERS
---------------------
CTRL-F * Format to end of paragraph
SHIFT-CTRL-F * Format whole paragraph from cursor
CTRL-C * Centre line
CTRL-D * Copy default ruler (first active ruler)
CTRL-R * Copy previous ruler but one
CTRL-J * Justify On/Off
CTRL-W * Wordwrap On/Off
SHIFT-CTRL-R * Auto-reformatting On/Off
SHIFT-CTRL-I Auto-Indent On/Off (program mode)
! (On Ruler Line) Tab Position/s
. (On Ruler Line) Decimal Tab Justification Position
C (On Ruler Line) Centre All Text To The Position Of C
L (On Ruler Line) Left Margin
R (On Ruler Line) Right Margin
> (On Ruler Line) Beginning of Ruler.
Left M. Button Hold On Ruler R. Drag To New Position. Release
Left M. Button Hold On Ruler L. Drag To New Position. Release
Left M. Button X2 On Ruler Decimal Tab, Change To Centre Line (C)
Left M. Button X2 On Ruler Tab, Change To Decimal Tab (.)
Left M. Button X2 On Ruler Centre Tab (C), Removes It.
Left M. Button X2 On Ruler. Inser Tab (!)
MISCELLANY
----------
ALT-D Insert date into text
ALT-F Screen Mode. See Config Program.V5.5
ALT-T Insert time into text
EXTRA CHARACTERS
----------------
ALT-F1 TO ALT-F10 Document 1 TO Document 10
ALT-SHIFT-F1 keyboard - U.S. English
ALT-SHIFT-F2 keyboard - U.K. English
ALT-SHIFT-F3 keyboard - French
ALT-SHIFT-F4 keyboard - German
ALT-SHIFT-F5 keyboard - Spanish
ALT-SHIFT-F6 keyboard - Italian
ALT-SHIFT-F7 Keyboard - Swedish
ALT-SHIFT-F8 Keyboard - Danish
ALT-SHIFT-F9 Keyboard - Norwegian
ALT-SHIFT-F10 Keyboard - Portuguese
ALT-SHIFT fn Set Keyboard Language
ALT-H ½ Half
ALT-Q ¼ Quarter
ALT-< « Open quotes (French)
ALT-> » Close quotes (French)
ALT-! ¡ Inverted exclamation mark
ALT-? ¿ Inverted question mark
ALT-UA UA Up arrow
ALT-DA DA Down arrow
ALT-LA LA Left arrow
ALT-RA RA Right arrow
SHIFT-CTRL-L CTRL-F7 Line drawing mode On/Off
SHIFT-CTRL-A CTRL-F8 character Line drawing with selected character
ALT-CURSOR KEYS Draw line (When in line draw mode)
SHIFT-ALT-fn Set keyboard to language n
CTRL-F8-SPACE Delete line drawn
FIND AND REPLACE MARKER
-----------------------
CTRL-Kpd( Back Search Of String In Find/Replace Mode
CTRL-Kpd) Forward Search Of String In Find/Replace Mode
kpd+ F6 Next find
kpd- F5 Previous find
SHIFT-CTRL-F6 Find word at cursor
SHIFT-CTRL-F5 Find word at cursor backwards
F8 n CTRL-@ n Set/Go to marker (0 to 9)
F8 ? CTRL-@ ? Insert multiple marker
F8 [ CTRL-@ [ Go to [ block marker
F8 ] CTRL-@ ] Go to ] block marker
F8 L CTRL-@ L * Go to left margin
F8 R CTRL-@ R * Go to right margin
F8 F CTRL-@ F * Set footnote marker
CTRL-kpd+ CTRL-F6 Go to next marker
CTRL-kpd- CTRL-F5 Go to previous marker
ACCENTS AND SPECIAL CHARACTERS
------------------------------
ALT-' ' acute
SHIFT-ALT-~ squiggle above letter, breve
SHIFT-ALT-^ two dots above letter, caron (hácea)
ALT-^ ^ circumflex
ALT-" two dots above letter, diaeresis/umlaut
SHIFT-ALT-' two dashes above letter, double acute
ALT-\ dash above letter, grave
ALT-_ line above letter, macron
SHIFT-ALT-. dot above letter, overdot
ALT-% ring above letter, ring
ALT-~ squiggle above letter, tilde
SHIFT-ALT-, squiggle below letter, cedilla
ALT-; squiggle below letter, ogonek
(SHIFT) ALT-C ç c cedilla
(SHIFT) ALT-E æ ae dipthong
(SHIFT) ALT-L l slash (Polish)
(SHIFT) ALT-N ñ n tilde
(SHIFT) ALT-O ø s slash
ALT-S ß double s (German)
(b) STORED COMMAND
------------------
KEY: a an ASCII character
f a filename
n an integer between 0 and 255
v a variable identifier
(x) an optional parameter
{x} a parameter that may occur 0 or more times
expr a string expression
text a string of characters, optionally in quotes
cond a conditional string expression
PAPER LAYOUT COMMANDS
---------------------
# >BM n Bottom Margin
>-- Edit Default Ruler Line
>EM n Set Left Margin On Even Pages
# >FM n Set Footer Margin
# >HM n Headers Margin
>OM n Odd Margin Set
# >PL n Page Length Set
>SM n Set Side Margin
# >TM n Set Top Margin
# >ZM Zero All Margins
PAGE FORMATTING COMMANDS
------------------------
>BL On/Off Blank line suppression Toggle.
>CE text Centre line
# >CP On/Off Continuous/Single sheet Printing On/Off
>DE Dump Endnotes at foot of page
>EA nn End Printing At Page no.
>EC End Column
# >EF text Even Page Footer Message
# >EH Even Page Header Message
>EN ON/OFF Turn use of endnotes instead of footnotes on/off
>EP (n) Even page throw (can be conditional)
>FE End footnote definition
# >FF On/Off Form Feeds Toggle
>FN text Define single line Footnote Text
>FN Start multi line-footnote definition
# >FO text Define Footer Text and turn footers on
# >FO On/Off Turn Footers On/Off
>FP On/Off Format Whilst Printing Toggle
>FX On/Off Fix text (will not re-format during formatting)
>HY (n) On/Off Automatic Hyphenation Toggle
# >HE text Define Header text and turn header on
# >HE On/Off Turn Headers on/off
>IP On/Off Inter-paragraph space increased by half a line
>LS n Line Spacing
# >LF On/Off Turns last page footer on/off
>NC n Number Of Copies
>NP On/Off Enable/disable New Page After Printing
# >OF text Define Odd Footers text, turn footers on
# >OH Define odd Header text, turn headers on
>OP (n) Odd page throw (can be conditional)
>PA (n) Page throw (can be conditional)
>PC n (n) Print columns
# >PE On/off Print Even Numbered Pages
# >PN nn Page Number of next page
# >PO On/Off Print Odd Numbered Pages
>PS On/Off Paper sensing on/off
>RJ On/Off Right Justifying Toggle
>SA Nn Start Printing At Page No.
>WO On/Off Wodows & Orphans Toggle
THE COMMANDS MARKED WITH AN '#' TAKE EFFECT AT THE NEXT NEW PAGE PRINTED.
PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS
------------------------
>CC a {n} (;a{n}) Define printer control codes
>CW n Define Character Width.(microspacing)
>FD {a} Define default font
>MC n {n} Define microspace code sequence
>MF n Define microspace factor
>MM n Set microspacing method
>MP On/Off Multi copy printing
>MS On/Off Microspacing Toggle
>PM Calls Up Print Menu
>PC n Print No. Of Columns. Followed By Column Ruler
>PP On/Off Proportional Printing Toggle
>PR f Load printer driver
>PW n Proportional character width
>RC a {n} Redefine character
>ST Stop Printing
VARIABLE AND DATA INPUT - MAIL MERGING
--------------------------------------
>AV v {v} Ask for variables
>CF Close data file
>DC ,|. Set decimal character
>DF f {f} Define data file
>DP n|R Set number of decimal places or Roman numerals.
>DU Dumps currently defined variables to screen
>RU v {v} Read variables unconditionally
>RV v {v} Read variables and pad with nulls
>SV v=expr Set variables
CONDITIONAL PRINTING AND MAIL MERGING
-------------------------------------
>EI End of ID, IE, IF or IU block
>EL Else - print block if previous IF condition false
>ID v Print block if variable defined
>IE Print block if data file exhausted
>IF cond Print block if condition true
>IU v Print block if variable undefined
>RP Repeat - until following UN condition is true. *
>SK cond Skip printing if condition true
>UN cond Until condition is true - repeat from RP command. *
Note if column one contains '>' and columns two and three each contain one
of: space, 'L', '-', or'!' then the line is deemed to be a ruler line.
* The commands >RP and >UN can now be nested up to 8 deep.
MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS
----------------------
>CO Add Comments To Text
>CS text Clear Screen. Display Message
>DM text Display message
>EX (?) text Execute command
>GC f <opts> Generate contents
>GI f Generate index
>IB (?) f Insert binary file and copy directly to output
>IN f Insert File Into Text
>SC On/Off Spell check
>SL n {f} Define spell language and dictionaries
>ST text Stop printing and display text
>TL a Define tab leader character
>WC Write file close
>WF f (A) Open file for writing (appending)
>WF On/Off Writing to file on/off
>WM text Write message to file - used with WF
>WT text Wait and display text
(c) COMMAND MODE
----------------
Key: dr drive number
af ambiguous filename (may include wildcards)
cfgfile configuration file
dict dictionary filename
inf input filename
outf output filename
newf new filename
oldf old filename
outdict resultant dictionary
nn an integer between 0 and 65535
wordpat a sequence of characters
ipcc including printer control codes
Items marked '<..>' are mandatory. Those marked with '(..)'are optional.
COMMAND ABBR. DESCRIPTION
------- ----- -----------
CLEAR (ALL) Clear Text From Memory
DOC Select Document Mode
EXT Set filename extension for load/merge
LINK On/Off Link two files for scrolling
LOAD <f> L Load File
MERGE <f> M Merge Files
NAME <f> N Assign name to current file
PRINTF <outf> (inf) PF Print to disk, ipcc, opt. from disk
PRINTFB <outf> PFB Print block to disk, ipcc
PROG Select Program editing mode
SAVEA <outf> SA Save to disk As Ascii file
SAVEAB <outf> SAB Save block to disk As ASCII file
SAVE <f> S Save File
SAVEB <f> SB Save block
SHOW SH Show list of open files
SPLIT <f> <nn> SPL Splits Named Large File Into Size nn
SPOOL <F> SPON Echo all screen output to a file
SPOOLOFF SPOFF Turn off echo to file
SWAP <n> | <f> SW Same As Ctrl / Y
SWAP <f> SW Swap To Named File
SWAP 0 SW Swap To First Empty Document
SWAP <n> SW Swap To File Number.
TYPE <f> T Type File To Screen
WINDOW <n> WIN Set size of Split Screen window
WINDOW WIN Splis screen
* (run) <n> Run External Programs
PRINTING OPTIONS
----------------
ABANDON AB Abandon printing, clear buffer
BACK On/Off Toggles Background Printing
CONT CO Continue Background Printing
PRINT <F> P Print file, optionally from disk
PRINTB PB Print marked block of text only
PRINTER <f> PR Load printer driver
PRINTF <outf> (inf) PF Print to/from disk,ipcc.
PRINTFB <outf> PFB Print block to disk, ipcc
PRINTP (f) (page list) PP Print pages selectively, opt.from disk
PRINTPQ (f) (page list) PPQ Print pages in NLQ, opt.from disk
PRINTPS (f) (page list) PPS Print pages to screen, opt.from disk
PRINTQ (f) PQ Print, NLQ mode, opt.from disk
PRINTQB PQB Print block NLQ
PRINTS (f) PS Print text to screen, opt.from disk
PRINTSB PSB Print block to screen
STOP ST Stops background printing
SUNDRY PRINTING OPTIONS
-----------------------
PRINTON PRON Echo all screen output to printer
PRINTOFF PROFF Turn off echo to printer
TYPEWRITER (n) TW Typewriter mode
TEXT MANIPULATION AND FORMATTING
--------------------------------
FIND F Find String
FINDB FB Find String In Marked Block
FIX Remove Tabs, soft spaces/returns
FIXB As for Fix, but on marked blocks
FORMAT FT Format text
FORMATB FTB Format Marked Block
NUMBER NUM Add/Remove Line Numbers
NUMBERB NUMB Add/Remove Line Numbers in marked block
REPLACE R Find and replace string
REPLACEB RB String Find/Replace In Marked Block
TAB <n>(step) Sets Tabs for program mode
SPELL CHECKING
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ANAGRAM <wordpat> (dict) AN Search For Specified Anagram
BUILD <f><outf> BU Build file of unrecognised words.
COUNTD (dict) COD Word Count In Specified Dictionary
DELWORDS <f>(dict) DW Delete words in text file from dict'
FINDW <wordpat>(dict) FW Search for words in dictionary
INSWORDS <f>(dict) IW Add words in text file to dictionary
LISTD (dict)(word) LD List dictionary
LOOKUP <word>(dict) LK Looks Up Word In Dictionary
MAKED <f><outdict> MKD Make dictionary from text file
SPELL <f> SC Two pass spell check of file
SPELLB SCB Spell check current block
MACRO AND EXEC COMMANDS
-----------------------
CLEARKEYS (N) CLRK Clear Keys. Set defaults or none
CODE Displays Key token values
ECHO On/Off Toggle Command echo
EXEC <f> X Execute File As If From Keyboard
EXECS <string> XS Execute string of commands
LMACROS LM List defined Macros Keys
LOADKEYS <f> LDK Load Specified Macro File
MACRO (a)<a or n><macro> KEY Define macro. Same as CTRL/F1
SAVEKEYS <f> SVK Save Current key definitions
MISCELLANY
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CALC <expr> CA Numerical Calculator
CLS Clear Screen
COUNT CT Word Count, and summary information.
COUNTB CTB Word Count In Marked Block
COUNTP Lists Page Lengths
COUNTA Alphabetical list of words, and summary.
COUNTN Numerical list of words, and summary.
FF Send a Form Feed to the printer
GOTO <a><nn> G Goto page, line, column number
HELP (topic) H Display Help on given topic
KEY Set Macro Key
KEYB <n> Sets Keyboard Type.1 - 2
KEYDEF <n><codes> Redefine Key/s
LANG <n> Select Keyboard Language
LOADCFG <cfgfile> LCFG Load Configuration (CFG) File
PAUSE Pause (optionally with message)
QUIT Q Quit Protext
STATUS STAT Lists Useful Configuration Settings
SYMBOL <n> <codes> SYM Redefines a character on screen
DISK MANAGEMENT COMMANDS
------------------------
0,1 Drives may be selected by typing 0, 1
CD RAM: Access to ram drive
ACCESS (af) ACC Set File/s To Read/Write status
CAT (af) Catalogue Specified Drive/Directory
CHDIR <path> CD Change current directory
COPY <af>(<path>|<f>) Copy File From/to
DIR (af) Display Directory listing.
ERASE <af> DEL Delete Specified File/s
MKDIR <path> MD Makes New Dir On Specified Drive
PROTECT (af) PROT Sets File/s To Read Only status
RENAME <oldf><new> REN Renames Specified File
RMDIR <path> RD Removes Named Directory
(d) EXTERNAL UTILITY PROGRAMS
-----------------------------
CONFIG CFG Menu driven configuration program
CONVERT CV ASCII File conversion program
FSORT FSORT File Sorter. Type ? after Fsort for more info.
REFERENCES TO UA, DA, LA, RA MEAN UP ARROW (CURSOR), DOWN ARROW ETC.
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| PREPARED AND/OR EDITED BY MACK.|
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